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Azomite for vannamei shrimp is becoming more popular since it can be an effective treatment material. This substance comprises minerals that are vital for shrimp growth, including calcium, magnesium, chlorine, sodium, and potassium oxide.

[The demand for minerals in vannamei shrimp farming](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/minerals-for-vannamei-shrimp) is quite high, and relying solely on feed is sometimes insufficient. Farmers often use extra minerals, including azomite.

Azomite is commonly utilized during the [pond preparation](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/steps-in-shrimp-farm-preparation) stage. However, some farmers also apply it even when cultivation has already begun. The method involves mixing azomite into the feed.

In addition to fulfilling mineral demands, azomite provides other advantages for vannamei shrimp. What are those benefits? Find the answer below.

<ToC />

## Benefits of Azomite for Shrimp
There are seven benefits of azomite for [vannamei shrimp farming](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/how-to-cultivate-vannamei-shrimp), including
- Keeping soil pH stable
- Keeping pond water quality stable
- Improving soil structure and fertility
- Serving as an extra micro mineral for plankton
- Enhancing shrimp immune system against disease
- Helping the molting process
- Increasing shrimp growth

## Azomite Usage and Its Result
Azomite for vannamei shrimp can be applied to the pond water and feed. Following the land preparation step, azomite is applied at a dose of 1-2 ppm/day before the [shrimp fry](https://jala.tech/blog/shrimp-industry/shrimp-fry-is) are stocked in intensive or semi-intensive ponds. For plankton maintenance, azomite can be applied at a dose of 1 ppm/week.

Azomite can also be mixed with 5-10 g/kg of feed once a day. Mix the feed evenly and add adhesive with fish oil.

Several studies have found that adding azomite to feed leads to significant increase in shrimp growth. The ratio is 0.3-1% of the overall feed mix. 

## Conclusion
Azomite is a treatment material that contains numerous valuable minerals. In vannamei shrimp farming, azomite gives seven benefits, including
- Keeping soil pH stable
- Keeping pond water quality stable
- Improving soil structure and fertility
- Serving as an extra micro mineral for plankton
- Enhancing shrimp immune system against disease
- Helping the molting process
- Increasing shrimp growth

To track the results, keep a record of every time you apply azomite treatment. You can input it into [JALA App](https://jala.tech/app), a shrimp farm management application from JALA. 

In addition to treatment, JALA App allows you to record, monitor, and even analyze over 40 shrimp farming parameters, including feed, water quality, and shrimp mortality. You can also view the results in visual charts.

Try JALA App today for more efficient farming! Sign up seamlessly at [app.jala.tech](https://app.jala.tech/) and download the mobile version from [Google Play Store](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=tech.jala.android) or [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/id/app/jala-tech/id1582412818).

Azomite for vannamei shrimp serves as an additional mineral that supports its growth. Find out what other benefits of azomite are in this article.

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7 Benefits of Azomite for Vannamei Shrimp

For shrimp farmers, staying a step ahead of potential health issues is key to running a productive and profitable cultivation. Among the conditions shrimp can encounter is Infectious Myonecrosis, caused by the Infectious Myonecrosis Virus (IMNV). The virus’ method of infection may be complex, but early detection tools make it straightforward to confirm healthy stock from the start.

IMNV primarily affects muscle tissues in shrimp, particularly the skeletal muscles, and occasionally impacts cardiac muscles and other organs. When shrimp are infected, symptoms can range from subtle discoloration in their tail muscles to more visible signs like reddish lesions on their bodies. However, these symptoms only show up when the virus has already established itself in the shrimp population, which is why early detection is so valuable. Regular surveillance can offer insights before any visible signs appear, enabling you to act promptly and maintain a thriving pond environment.

>Learn more: [Infectious Myonecrosis Virus in Genics’ Pathogen Guide](https://www.genics.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/IMNV-Education-Guide-English.pdf?x80381)

<ToC />

## Why Early Detection is Essential
One of the most important tools for keeping IMNV in check is regular pathogen surveillance. By screening shrimp fry before introducing them into ponds, you can catch any signs of the virus early and make an informed decision about the health of your shrimp stock. Early detection means you’re not just reacting to issues but proactively managing your pond’s health.

Screening broodstock producers or hatcheries from which you obtain shrimp fry is also another way to determine the potential risk or presence of IMNV in shrimp fry from a facility. There are advantages of screening broodstock in that you can take destructive samples once they have finished their reproductive duration, allowing target organs such as the lymphoid organ to be sampled which helps to increase the ability to detect low level pathogens.

Effective early detection provides valuable insights up to four weeks before clinical symptoms appear. This window offers critical time to take action, ensuring that healthy shrimp can continue growing without disruption. Early screening also means you can avoid introducing IMNV into your production systems or other parts of your farm, giving you confidence in your stock’s health and robustness.

## The Value of Surveillance Testing and Biosecurity
When you’re able to catch IMNV early, your options for preventive action expand significantly. Testing systems that provide early pathogen detection allow you to separate any potentially infected shrimp from the rest of your stock, reducing the risk of spread. Testing is a simple and effective first step towards biosecurity, ensuring each tank or pond is a safe environment for your shrimp to grow.

Implementing biosecurity measures around IMNV isn’t just about protection — it’s about maintaining steady productivity. For example, by selecting IMNV-negative shrimp fry or broodstock and practicing regular pond monitoring, you can create a healthier environment that supports robust growth and minimizes risks associated with viral infections.

One of the simplest strategies is to keep the environment stress-free for your shrimp, which can go a long way in reducing susceptibility to viruses. Avoiding sudden changes in temperature, maintaining consistent water quality, and managing stocking density are all great ways to keep your shrimp thriving.

## Building Long-Term Resistance and Health Management
Good pond management practices go hand-in-hand with testing for IMNV. Proper monitoring and maintaining biosecurity measures help strengthen your shrimp stock over time. Investing in these measures now can reduce your risk of IMNV in the future. Testing isn’t just a one-time fix — it’s part of a larger health management plan that includes regular checks and biosecurity improvements.

In addition to regular testing and proactive management, some farms also pursue breeding strategies that prioritize virus resistance. By selecting broodstock and shrimp fry from programs that focus on resilience and tolerance, farmers can further secure their ponds against potential issues. Good sanitary management practices, like cleaning equipment between ponds and restricting pond access, contribute to a healthier environment that supports steady, high-quality yields.

## Making IMNV Testing Work for You
Testing for IMNV doesn’t have to be complex or costly. For those seeking a budget-friendly approach, sample pooling allows you to group samples for IMNV testing, making it more affordable without compromising accuracy. Non-destructive testing methods, like taking pleopod samples from broodstock, can also offer valuable insights without harming your high-value shrimp.

Ultimately, early detection screening for IMNV is a proactive approach that pays off in productivity and peace of mind. By knowing the health status of your shrimp from the start, you can build a stronger, more resilient stock and keep your farm running smoothly. Regular surveillance testing helps you stay in control, knowing that each pond is primed for success.

## About Genics
Genics is an Australian biotechnology company focused on the development of the world's most advanced early pathogen detection and breeding program services, supporting global food security goals and biosecurity measures. Genics proprietary pathogen detection offering, Shrimp MultiPath™ is the world's most comprehensive pathogen detection tool for shrimp farming, offering unparalleled accuracy and speed. With operations in over 50 countries, Genics combines cutting-edge technology, rigorous scientific research, and partnerships with global leaders like CSIRO and Weatherbys Scientific to deliver early disease detection and comprehensive genetic analysis for shrimp.

Learn how to keep shrimp healthy by screening for Infectious Myonecrosis, caused by the Infectious Myonecrosis Virus (IMNV).

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Keeping Shrimp Healthy: The Benefits of Screening for Infectious Myonecrosis Virus (IMNV)

Farmers should know how to speed up molting in vannamei shrimp to avoid cultivation failure risks and shrimp mortality. During the molting period, shrimp become more vulnerable due to the absence of their exoskeletons which protect their body. Molting in vannamei shrimp can be sped up by maintaining ideal farm environment conditions to avoid stress in shrimp. What else can be done? Check out these five ways shrimp farmers can speed up molting in this article.

<ToC />

## Causes of Molting in Shrimp
[Molting](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/molting-in-shrimp) or the changing of shell is a natural process which happens regularly in shrimp’s life cycle every 3-8 weeks. Molting occurs due to the production of certain enzymes and hormones during the pre-molting stage. These enzymes and hormones will cause the shrimp shell to soften in preparation of shedding it.

After the old shell has been shed, shrimp will be more susceptible to diseases until it gets its new shell. Thus, farmers need to understand how to speed up molting in shrimp.

## How to Speed Up Shrimp Molting 
### 1. Avoid stress in shrimp
The first step to speed up molting is by avoiding [stress](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/how-to-overcome-stress-in-shrimp) in shrimp. Stressed shrimp will have slowed growth and become more susceptible to diseases.

To avoid stress, ensure that pond water quality is well-maintained without extreme fluctuations, for example, temperature levels above 32°C due to hot weather and salinity levels below 15 ppt due to heavy rain should be avoided. [Monitor water quality](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/jala-baruno-a-convenient-accurate-and-robust-pond-water-quality-measurement-device) in the pond regularly to ensure each parameter is in the ideal range for shrimp growth. Also, maintain the cleanliness of the pond by siphoning out leftover feed and waste accumulating at the bottom.

### 2. Do regular sampling
The next step is doing [sampling](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/does-weekly-sampling-really-cause-losses-in-shrimp-farms) regularly to check the molting process. During sampling, you can observe whether some shrimp are starting to soften or shed their old shells, and which shrimp have already developed new ones. By conducting regular sampling, you can estimate the shrimp’s molting phase and make the necessary adjustments to ensure the molting process runs smoothly.

### 3. Adjust feed amount to the molting stage
Another important step is to adjust the feed amount according to the shrimp’s molting stage for a smooth molting cycle. If the shrimp are still in the pre-molting phase, with behavior changes such as reduced appetite, less movement and shrimp often finding a shaded place, reduce the feed quantity, as during this stage shrimp have decreased appetite and activity. After molting, shrimp require more energy to form new shells, needing a higher feed amount.


>Read more: [Moon Phases and How They Affect Shrimp Farms](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/moon-phases-and-how-they-affect-shrimp-farms-mass-molting-beware)

### 4. Supply extra minerals for shrimp
Minerals are one of the most important nutrients that shrimp need for a smooth molting process, particularly calcium and phosphorus. These minerals aid in the formation of new shells. The faster the formation of new shells, the lower the risk of cannibalism in shrimp, increasing the survival rate (SR). To supply minerals for shrimp, treatment through pond water is more advisable as it is more effective than through feed.

### 5. Monitor water salinity
Last but not least, monitor [water salinity](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/change-of-salinity-level-shrimp-ponds) to make sure that it is ideal for shrimp farms, at a range of 15-30 ppt. Salinity levels affect the availability of dissolved minerals in water. With higher salinity, shrimp can grow stronger shells. To overcome low salinity levels, farmers can add saltwater and discard surface water, especially during wet seasons. 

## Conclusion
Molting is a natural and important process that shrimp go through throughout their life cycle. To speed up molting in vannamei shrimp and make sure they quickly grow new, stronger shells, farmers need to: 
1. Avoid stress in shrimp
2. Do regular sampling
3. Adjust feed amount to the molting stage
4. Supply extra minerals for shrimp
5. Monitor water salinity

To help you monitor shrimp development during cultivation more easily, you can use [JALA App](https://jala.tech/app). JALA App is a shrimp farm management application that lets you record 40+ cultivation parameters, monitor conditions in real time, and get analysis based on actual conditions in the pond. With JALA App, you can take the best step in your farm to reach your cultivation targets.

What are you waiting for? Start a better cultivation journey with JALA App. Register now at [app.jala.tech](https://app.jala.tech) and download the mobile version from [Google Play Store](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=tech.jala.android&hl=id) or [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/id/app/jala-tech/id1582412818)!

Speeding up molting in vannamei shrimp can be done by avoiding stress in shrimp and adjusting their feed. Read more in this article!

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Five Ways to Speed Up Molting in Vannamei Shrimp

**Shrimp farmers should understand how to overcome floating vannamei shrimp in ponds. Shrimp that rise to the surface or float in the pond might indicate a problem. This can be solved by applying dolomite, changing the water, ensuring that the paddle wheel is working, improving feed management, and reducing stocking density.**

Vannamei shrimp that float in the pond surface are feared to have an impact on the [survival rate](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/survival-rate-cultivation-productivity) (SR) since their behavior may indicate a disease. Before understanding how to overcome floating vannamei shrimp, it is important for you to understand the causes of the problem. Read further in the discussion below.

<ToC />

## Causes of Floating Shrimp
Basically, shrimp will react to uncomfortable pond conditions, and one of the signs is floating on the surface. If identified, this is related to water quality. In addition, shrimp’s poor health may also be one of the factors.
### The dissolved oxygen (DO) levels are too low
The majority of floating shrimp cases are caused by low dissolved oxygen levels. Low dissolved oxygen can be caused by various factors, including
- Heavy rain that causes temperature fluctuations
- High phytoplankton density, causing the DO levels to be low, specifically in the evening
- High organic waste levels
- Inactive or broken paddle wheels, causing dissolved oxygen to decrease drastically
- Phytoplankton density is too low or even suffer mass mortality, resulting in inadequate oxygen production

### Sudden temperature changes
The temperature of the water and the farm environment can have an impact on their metabolism. When the temperature fluctuates or changes abruptly and frequently, shrimp become stressed. When shrimp are stressed they become more susceptible to disease, causing them to be unable to move actively and instead float on the surface of the water.
### Shrimp are infected with disease
Floating shrimp may also suggest that they are infected with a disease, such as white spot disease. Shrimp infected with this disease will typically turn pale and weak before then swimming to the pond’s surface. Although only a few shrimp exhibit this symptom, you must be cautious because mass mortality might ensue within hours. 

In addition to [white spot disease](https://jala.tech/blog/shrimp-diseases/ways-to-overcome-vannamei-shrimp-disease-white-feces-disease-wfd), floating shrimp can signal the presence of white feces disease. This disease is identified by the presence of long white excrement or feces in the pond. White feces are the result of damaged shrimp digestion. The shrimp are then unable to swim actively in the pond and instead float on the surface of the water.

<MiddleAds />

## 5 Ways to Overcome Floating Vannamei Shrimp
You already know the possible causes of floating vannamei shrimp. To overcome this, you can try the following five methods:
### Apply dolomite lime
High carbon dioxide levels in the pond will deteriorate the health of the shrimp that are already floating. To overcome this, try using dolomite lime to bind carbon dioxide in the pond. Every 2 mg/l of dolomite lime will neutralize 1 mg/l of carbon dioxide.
### Change the water
If possible, you can change the pond water. This is a cheaper and easier way to overcome floating vannamei shrimp in the pond. New, sterile water will ensure that the shrimp grow healthily.
### Ensure that the paddle wheel is working properly
If you install a paddle wheel in the pond, make sure that it is working properly. The paddle wheel contributes significantly to the pond’s dissolved oxygen supply. If the paddle wheel is broken, repair it immediately to ensure it functions normally. 
### Improve feeding management
Shrimp that lack feed are more likely to be stressed. Their immune system will also weaken, making them more susceptible to diseases that cause them to float in the pond surface. Make sure to feed based on the shrimp's age and needs to meet their nutritions.
### Reduce the stocking density of the pond
An overly high stocking density in a narrow pond without a paddle wheel makes it difficult for shrimp to obtain oxygen. In fact, shrimp can float due to a lack of oxygen levels. 

If you see that the stocking density is overly high, you can reduce it through partial harvesting. Meanwhile, to prevent this, make sure to do careful calculations before stocking shrimp fry at the beginning of cultivation. 
## Conclusion
Floating vannamei shrimp is a fairly common cultivation problem. Its possible causes include
- Low dissolved oxygen levels
- Sudden temperature changes
- Shrimp are infected with disease

As the solution, there are five ways to overcome floating vannamei shrimp, including
- Applying dolomite lime
- Changing the water
- Ensuring the paddle wheel is working properly
- Improving feeding management
- Reducing the stocking density of the pond

To overcome this problem more effectively, keep track of every treatment, feeding, harvest, and monitor dissolved oxygen levels on a regular basis. You can record it in [JALA App](https://jala.tech/app), the shrimp farm management application. 

JALA App not only makes it easier to record cultivation treatments, activities, and conditions, but it also enables real-time monitoring. JALA App also includes parameter analysis in the form of visual charts to help farmers make more informed decisions.

Find more benefits of JALA App by signing up at [app.jala.tech](https://app.jala.tech)! Make sure to download the application from Google Play Store or App Store as well.



Overcoming floating vannamei shrimp can be performed in several methods. In this article, you’ll learn how to overcome floating shrimp and what causes them.

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Five Ways to Overcome Floating Vannamei Shrimp

Moss is one of the plants that can grow in shrimp farms. Excessive moss growth in farms can lead to loss in shrimp cultivation, as moss decreases water quality and hinders shrimp growth. **Moss can be removed by improving and maintaining pond water quality, installing netting fences, and using biological agents.** Learn more about how to prevent and get rid of moss in your shrimp farm through this article.

<ToC />

## How to Get Rid of Moss in Farms
### 1. Improving and maintaining pond water quality
Poor water quality, with a salinity level that is too low (below 15 ppm) and an overly high organic matter concentration (over 90 ppm), can lead to moss growth. Therefore, farmers need to regularly and accurately conduct [water quality checks](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/jala-baruno-a-convenient-accurate-and-robust-pond-water-quality-measurement-device) to anticipate drastic changes in water parameters. Moss also grows well in lower water pH (below 7.5). Farmers can overcome this by giving dolomite treatment. Installing sufficient aerators also helps maintain oxygen circulation in the pond. 


>Read more: [Four Important Physical Parameters of Water Quality in Shrimp Farms](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/four-important-physical-parameters-of-water-quality-in-shrimp-farms)

### 2. Installing netting fences
Moss is an organism that photosynthesizes to survive. Thus, it thrives in farm environments with ample sunlight intensity. Installing [netting fences](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/netting-fences-looks-trivial-and-oftenly-be-overlooked) to reduce sunlight exposure in the farm can help to get rid of moss. 

### 3. Using biological agents
[Biological agents](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/bioremediation-as-a-solution-for-improving-water-quality-in-shrimp-ponds) can be another way to get rid of moss in farms. Application of probiotics or decomposing bacteria in the pond can break down organic matter in the water to hinder moss growth. Increasing plankton population by giving just enough fertilizers also help reduce the clarity of pond water, controlling the sunlight intensity. Moreover, keeping moss-eating fish like milkfish and rabbitfish can help reduce existing moss growth. 

### 4. Cleaning and disinfecting the pond
Cleaning the pond is essential during cultivation as well as when transitioning to a new cycle. Apply disinfectant during pond preparation to prevent moss growth. During cultivation, clean the walls and bottom of the pond regularly. Remove leftover feed and shrimp waste to prevent buildup, which can promote moss growth. Additionally, conduct siphoning to remove mud from the bottom of the pond.

### 5. Implementing feed management
Another important step to get rid of moss is through proper [feed management](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/one-important-step-in-feed-efficiency-make-regular-adjustments). Adjust the amount of feed according to shrimp’s needs to prevent overfeeding, which causes a buildup of feed waste and decreases the water quality. [Check feeding trays](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/daily-feed-input-keeps-increasing-yet-shrimp-are-not-growing) to monitor shrimp appetite and help determine the right amount of feed.

## Causes of Moss in Shrimp Ponds
Moss in shrimp ponds can be caused by several factors. High sunlight intensity and an overly high water clarity can accelerate moss growth. Also, accumulated leftover feed and shrimp waste that are not cleaned out also support moss growth, as these organic materials become a nutrient source for moss.

## Dangers of Moss in Shrimp Farms
Although it does not directly cause diseases, excessive moss can affect shrimp health. Moss can serve as a host for various pathogens like [White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV)](https://jala.tech/blog/shrimp-diseases/strengthening-indonesia-s-shrimp-industry-against-white-spot-disease-in-2025-and-beyond) and Vibrio bacteria. 

Besides pathogens, moss can also be a breeding ground for parasitic protozoa. These parasites can enter the [shrimp’s gills](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/morphology-of-vannamei-shrimp), blocking respiration and reducing appetite.

## Conclusion
Uncontrolled moss growth in shrimp farms is one of the causes of cultivation loss. Here are the ways to get rid of moss:
- Improving and maintaining pond water quality
- Installing netting fences
- Using biological agents
- Cleaning and disinfecting the pond
- Implementing feed management

Aside from getting rid of moss in the pond, optimize your cultivation with regular recording and monitoring by using [JALA App](https://jala.tech/app). JALA App is a shrimp farm management application that helps you better understand pond conditions, allowing you to make suitable adjustments. With JALA App, you can record various cultivation parameters, including water quality, which is crucial to monitor to prevent excessive moss growth.

Haven’t registered at JALA App? Sign up now at [app.jala.tech](https://app.jala.tech) and download the mobile version on [Google Play Store](https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=tech.jala.android&hl=id) or [App Store](https://apps.apple.com/id/app/jala-tech/id1582412818)!

Getting rid of moss in shrimp farms can be done by improving and maintaining water quality as well as installing fences. Learn more in this article!

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How to Get Rid of Moss in Shrimp Farms 

Indonesia's shrimp industry overview in 2023 and outlook conference for 2024.

Shrimp Outlook 2024

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Indonesia's shrimp industry overview in 2022 and outlook conference for 2023.

Shrimp Outlook 2023

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Indonesia's shrimp industry overview in 2021 and outlook conference for 2022.

Shrimp Outlook 2022

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Shrimp size is an important parameter in cultivation and [harvest](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/what-are-6-important-steps-of-shrimp-harvesting-process). Within one cycle, farmers usually aim for a specific size of shrimp, hence it is essential for you to know how to calculate shrimp size.

By understanding how to calculate shrimp size and knowing the exact numbers, you will be able to plan feed management better and determine the optimal price at harvest. You can save money on feed and sell your shrimp at best prices.

However, before figuring out how to calculate shrimp size, you have to understand what shrimp size is. Check out the discussion below.

## What is Shrimp Size?
Shrimp size is closely related to the amount of shrimp and becomes a benchmark for profits in one cycle. Here’s the short explanation:

### An indicator of the amount of shrimp in 1 kilogram
A shrimp's size is determined by counting how many shrimp there are in every one kilogram. For instance, if you find a size 50 shrimp, it means there are 50 shrimp per one kilogram. The smaller the shrimp size number, the heavier and bigger the shrimp.

### Benchmark for selling prices
Shrimp size becomes a benchmark for selling prices to suppliers and an estimate of the future profits. Therefore, the smaller the shrimp size number, the higher the selling price and vice versa. For example, size 50 shrimp has a higher price than size 100 shrimp.

## The minimal size target of vannamei shrimp
Farmers usually aim for a minimum size of 100 during the first partial harvest. Size 100 shrimp already has a solid economic value and the demand for it is quite high. In addition to size 100, the demand for size 90 to size 50 shrimp on both domestic and export markets is high as well.

## How to Calculate Vannamei Shrimp Size?
Once you understand what shrimp size is, you also need to understand how to calculate vannamei shrimp size. Apart from being calculated at harvest, vannamei shrimp size can also be calculated on a certain Day of Culture (DoC) through [sampling](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/does-weekly-sampling-really-cause-losses-in-shrimp-farms).

Sampling is the activity of monitoring shrimp condition through multiple samples in feeding trays or nets. This activity is conducted periodically to determine the size, growth rate, Average Body Weight (ABW), and [Average Daily Gain (ADG)](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/what-is-adg) of the shrimp from time to time. From the sampling results, farmers can also identify potential disease symptoms.

During sampling, you can use the following formula for calculating shrimp size:
![How to Calculate Shrimp Size.png](https://strapi.jala.tech/uploads/How_to_Calculate_Shrimp_Size_014209b2b0.png)

For example, a farmer conducted sampling on DoC of 56 days and found that the ABW of his shrimp sample was 10.47 grams. The farmer wanted to know the shrimp size, hence he did the following calculations:

Size = 1,000 grams / 10.47 grams = 95,5

From the calculation above, the shrimp size obtained is 95.5 shrimp/kg.

## Conclusion
In vannamei shrimp farming, size is 
- A measurement based on the amount of shrimp in every one kilogram
- One of the benchmarks for selling prices

Vannamei shrimp size calculation is done by dividing 1,000 grams by ABW. This calculation can be conducted both at harvest and at periodical sampling.

To assist you in monitoring the sampling results, [JALA App](https://jala.tech/app) is #HeretoHelp with the recording and analysis features of 40+ cultivation parameters. In addition to record sampling results, you can also record [water quality parameters](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/four-important-physical-parameters-of-water-quality-in-shrimp-farms), feed, disease, shrimp mortality, harvest, and many more.

Let’s cultivate productively and efficiently with JALA App! Download the app on Google Play Store or App Store.

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How to Calculate Vannamei Shrimp Size: Here's the Complete Explanation!

The vannamei shrimp life cycle consists of several stages, starting from eggs to finally becoming adult shrimp. Every developmental stage has different characteristics.

It is important to understand the life cycle of vannamei shrimp larvae to provide them with appropriate treatment. By understanding the life cycle of vannamei shrimp, you can identify their needs and adjust their surroundings.

What are the stages of vannamei shrimp life cycle and how should the larvae be treated? Read more in this article.

## What is the Life Cycle of Vannamei Shrimp?
The life cycle of vannamei shrimp begins with spawning between male and female shrimp. Female shrimp that have reached maturity or have reached 7-8 months and have an orange color on their backs can become broodstock. 

The female shrimp will release pheromones that stimulate male shrimp. After that, the mating process occurs. Later, the mating process between the male and female shrimp produces eggs which will be laid by the female shrimp.

About 4-5 hours later, female shrimp or now broodstock lay eggs. These eggs are pre-larvae which will later develop into cultivated vannamei shrimp.

Furthermore, read the following explanation about stages of shrimp life cycle:

### 1. Eggs
A broodstock is usually capable of delivering 500,000-1,000,000 eggs each time it lays eggs. These eggs are kept apart from their broodstock in a different pond.

It takes 12-16 hours for the eggs to eventually hatch into microscopic larvae (naupli).

### 2. Naupli
Naupli or nauplius is the initial stage of development of vannamei shrimp larvae. At this stage, shrimp larvae at this stage have food reserves such as egg yolk stored in their bodies, hence they do not need artificial feed intake yet.

Throughout the naupli stage, the larvae undergoes six changes of form, namely Nauplius I, Nauplius II, Nauplius III, Nauplius IV, Nauplius V, and Nauplius VI.

![Naupli Udang Vaname.png](https://strapi.jala.tech/uploads/Naupli_Udang_Vaname_2168b28ce1.png)
Naupli (Wyban and Sweeney, 1991 in Nuraini, 2021)

### 3. Zoea
Naupli will grow into zoea or 1.05–3.30 mm shrimp larvae. At this stage, zoea undergo three changes of form, namely Zoea I, Zoea II, and Zoea III, and can be fed natural feed. This stage lasts for 3-4 days.

![Zoea Udang Vaname.png](https://strapi.jala.tech/uploads/Zoea_Udang_Vaname_20ccc25218.png)
Zoea (Wyban and Sweeney, 1991 in Nuraini, 2021)

### 4. Mysis
At the mysis stage, the larvae start to resemble shrimp because they have a fan-shaped tail. These larvae have the characteristic of moving backwards and bending their bodies (Azizah, 2018). 

Similar to zoea, mysis will undergo three changes in form, namely Mysis I, Mysis II, and Mysis III.

![Mysis Udang Vaname.png](https://strapi.jala.tech/uploads/Mysis_Udang_Vaname_fc974ca77e.png)
Mysis (Wyban and Sweeney, 1991 in Nuraini, 2021)

### 5. Post Larvae
The count used at this stage uses days, for example if the post larvae are 1 day old, they are PL1. Apart from that, shrimp in the post-larvae stage have started to actively move around.

Post larvae are usually raised until PL11-PL12. At this stage, the post-larvae is known as [shrimp fry](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/the-strategy-to-choose-the-right-shrimp-fry) which are resistant to rearing conditions and are ready to be stocked in ponds.

![Post Larva Udang Vaname.png](https://strapi.jala.tech/uploads/Post_Larva_Udang_Vaname_70ad575395.png)
Post Larvae (Wyban and Sweeney, 1991 in Nuraini, 2021)

### 6. Juvenile
Juvenile is the next stage of the shrimp life cycle following post larvae. At this stage, the shape of the shrimp already resembles adult shrimp. 

However, this stage is considered a vulnerable period in the shrimp life cycle because shrimp require a habitat with the right amount of feed and environmental conditions (Putri, Nitisupardjo, & Hendrarto, 2014). At this stage, the shrimp are transported from the hatchery to the farm for cultivation.

### 7. Young Shrimp
After 80-90 days from the juvenile stage, the shrimp will grow to be young shrimp. Its weight depends on the [cultivation system in the farm](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/shrimp-farm-type), ranging from extensive to supra-intensive.

### 8. Adult Shrimp
About 25-30 days later, the young shrimp grow to be adult shrimp, and this is the final stage of the shrimp life cycle. 

Shrimp can be said to be adult starting 4 months after the juvenile phase. In this stage, the shrimp are ready to be harvested because they already reach enough economic value.

## Tips for Rearing Shrimp Larvae
Vannamei shrimp larvae require the proper treatment during their life cycle to ensure the best potential growth into shrimp. Here are some measures that need to be taken to rear vannamei shrimp larvae:

### 1. Maintain Water Quality

Water is a crucial factor since it is the habitat where shrimp larvae grow. Therefore, make sure that the water quality parameters in the rearing pond, such as pH, temperature, [salinity](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/change-of-salinity-level-shrimp-ponds), and dissolved oxygen are in ideal conditions.

It is best to measure [water quality parameters](https://jala.tech/baruno) every day and record developments over time. These records can provide insights to help you take action in cultivation.

### 2. Manage Feed Properly
During the rearing period, shrimp larvae consume natural feed such as phytoplankton and zooplankton, especially since the zoea stage. However, if necessary, the hatchery will also provide artificial feed based on the nutritional needs of each larvae stage.

Shrimp larvae are fed 4-6 times a day in the [hatchery](https://jala.tech/blog/shrimp-industry/the-crucial-sector-in-shrimp-industry-hatchery). As the age of the shrimp larvae adds, the size of the feed and the dose given will increase. This is because the nutritional needs of shrimp larvae are increasing.

### 3. Prevent Diseases
[Shrimp disease](https://jala.tech/blog/shrimp-diseases/5-effective-ways-to-prevent-vannamei-shrimp-diseases) must also be paid attention to during the rearing period. Zoea Syndrome is one disease that often attacks shrimp larvae and is characterized by the larvae's unwillingness to eat since the Zoea I stage.

To prevent the spread of disease, it is best to separate the spawning tanks from the larvae rearing tanks. Additionally, maintain the sterility of the rearing area by, for example, making sure the person that helps with spawning them has received disinfection.

## Conclusion
The vannamei shrimp life cycle consists of 8 stages, namely
1. Eggs
2. Naupli
3. Zoea
4. Mysis
5. Post Larvae
6. Juvenile
7. Young Shrimp
8. Adult Shrimp

Once you understand the life cycle, make sure the hatchery where you get your shrimp fry implements the proper measures for rearing vannamei shrimp larvae. An SPF or SPR certificate is also required to minimize the risk of disease attacks and improve [the quality of the shrimp](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/successful-tips-in-maintaining-shrimp-quality) itself at harvest.

The next important thing is recording the daily conditions of cultivation. In addition to the development of the shrimp fry, other variables such as feed, disease, and water quality measures should also be recorded.

The good news is, JALA is #HeretoHelp through [JALA App](https://jala.tech/app). With JALA App, you can record and monitor the condition of your shrimp farming at any time and from anywhere right at your fingertips regularly. Let's cultivate more productively and efficiently with JALA App!

<a href="https://jala.tech/app" target="_blank">
  <img border="0" align="center"  src="https://strapi.jala.tech/uploads/18_JAN_ARTIKEL_BLOG_CTA_ENG_2_28ede773b8.png"/>
</a>

**References**

[4 Pilihan Pakan untuk Benur Udang Vaname Tumbuh Optimal | Minapoli ](https://www.minapoli.com/info/4-pilihan-pakan-untuk-benur-udang-vaname-tumbuh-optimal)

Azizah, N. (2018). _Teknik Pemeliharaan Larva Udang Vaname_ (Litopenaeus vannamei) _di PT. Central Pertiwi Bahari Takalar Sulawesi Selatan_ (final thesis). Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkep, Pangkajene dan Kepulauan. Retrieved in 2024, from [https://repository.polipangkep.ac.id](https://repository.polipangkep.ac.id/uploaded_files/dokumen_isi/Monograf/TUGAS%20AKHIR%20LENGKAP%20ACC-dikompresi_003.pdf)

Haliman, R. W., dkk. (2005). Zoea Syndrome (ZS) pada Larva Udang Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei). _Biosfera_, 22(1), 6–11. [https://journal.bio.unsoed.ac.id](https://journal.bio.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/biosfera/article/view/77) 

Malik, A. (2018). _Teknik Pemijahan dan Pengelolaan Telur Udang Vaname_ (Litopenaeus Vannamei) _di PT. Suri Tani Pemuka (Japfa) Unit Hatchery Makassar Kabupaten Barru_ (final thesis). Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkep, Pangkajene dan Kepulauan. Retrieved in 2024, from [https://repository.polipangkep.ac.id](https://repository.polipangkep.ac.id/uploaded_files/temporary/DigitalCollection/MGFjOTQ5ZTI5NmMxZjczNGE1YTQyMTZlNzFkYzZmYzVhMmQ4OGM2Nw==.pdf)

Putri, N. F., Nitisupadjo, M., Hendrarto, B. (2014). Analisis Kelimpahan Juvenil Udang dengan Menggunakan Metode Perangkap Agar-agar dan Pemberian Pakan Udang di Perairan Morosari, Demak. _Diponegoro Journal of Maquares_, 3(3), 1-9. [https://www.neliti.com](https://www.neliti.com/publications/191676/analisis-kelimpahan-juvenil-udang-dengan-menggunakan-metode-perangkap-agar-agar#id-section-content) 

[Siklus Hidup Udang Vaname | Agrikan](https://agrikan.id/siklus-hidup-udang-vaname/)

Wyban, J., & Sweeney, J. N. (1991)._ Intensive shrimp production technology: The Oceanic Institute Shrimp Manual_. The Institute. dalam Nuraini, A. N. (2021). _Pemeliharaan Larva Udang Vaname_ (Litopenaeus vannamei) _dengan Penambahan Probiotik Monodon Plus pada Media Pemeliharaan_ (diploma thesis). Politeknik Negeri Lampung, Bandar Lampung. Retrieved in 2024, from [http://repository.polinela.ac.id/2058/](http://repository.polinela.ac.id/2058/) 

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Vannamei Shrimp Life Cycle: From Eggs to Adult Shrimp

Shrimp cultivation is often considered [a promising business](https://jala.tech/blog/shrimp-industry/4-reasons-why-shrimp-farming-is-considered-promising), especially in Indonesia, a country with significant potential for cultivation due to its geographical location and climate. Among various types of shrimp, the ones commonly cultivated are freshwater shrimp.

Before starting a [shrimp farming business](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/5-things-to-consider-before-starting-a-shrimp-farming-business), prospective farmers interested in exploring the shrimp cultivation industry need to get familiar with the various types of freshwater shrimp that are often cultivated in ponds in order to decide which type of shrimp to cultivate based on their characteristics.

## Various Types of Freshwater Shrimp
There are several types of freshwater shrimp that are popularly cultivated in Indonesia, such as the giant freshwater prawn, monkey river prawn, and the red nose shrimp. Let's explore the characteristics of each shrimp type!

### 1. Giant Freshwater Prawn
Next is the giant freshwater prawn (_Macrobrachium rosenbergii_), which is commonly found in rivers and coastal estuaries in Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and China. With a large body size, reaching up to 30 cm, and sweet, juicy flesh, giant freshwater prawns have a slow growth rate, taking about 180 days to reach a high economic value.

![udang galah](https://strapi.jala.tech/uploads/udang_galah_4d67f2736d.png)

Giant freshwater prawns come in various colors such as green, blue, brown, and yellow, with a curved long rostrum and longer claws compared to their legs.

### 2. Monkey River Prawn
The monkey river prawn (_Macrobrachium lar_) is commonly found in the West Indo-Pacific region. This type of shrimp thrives in both saltwater and freshwater habitats. Still, it is one of the most common types of freshwater shrimp cultivated in farms, where cultivation approximately takes 110 days.

![udang lar](https://strapi.jala.tech/uploads/udang_lar_748af1cb3b.jpeg)

Monkey river prawns have a considerably large body, with lengths reaching up to 18 cm. They can withstand high salinity in water, and exhibit good resistance to diseases, contributing to high productivity.

### 3. Red Nose Shrimp
Another type of cultivated shrimp with high economic value is the red nose shrimp (_Caridina gracilirostris_). They can be found in various regions such as Japan, Fiji, Indonesia, and Madagascar, particularly in rivers and estuaries. 

![udang beras](https://strapi.jala.tech/uploads/udang_beras_1b3c12cfd4.jpeg)

These yellow-orange, slightly transparent shrimp are not only sold as food but also popular as aquarium decorations due to their attractive red rostrum. They also consume algae, which makes them beneficial for aquarium owners.

### 4. Freshwater Crayfish
Freshwater crayfish (_Astacoidea_) is another type of freshwater shrimp commonly cultivated in farms. This type of shrimp lives in swamps, lakes, and rivers of various continents. Due to its low stress level and disease susceptibility, as well as the ability to grow quickly, this type of freshwater shrimp can be cultivated easily in soil-based ponds. 

![lobster air tawar (sumber: pak tani digital)](https://strapi.jala.tech/uploads/lobster_air_tawar_26d04e85d6.jpeg)

Several kinds of popular freshwater crayfish for cultivation include the red claw crayfish, red swamp crayfish, which is smaller in size, and the common yabby, known for its high tolerance towards extreme weather conditions including drought.

### 5. Roshna Prawn
The final type of shrimp on the list is the roshna prawn (_Palaemon styliferus_). This type of shrimp is also commonly found in Indo-Pacific regions including Iraq, Bangladesh, and Hong Kong. These freshwater shrimp grow well in tropical areas.

Roshna prawns are pale yellow and slightly transparent with a cone-shaped head are popularly processed as ebi with a high market price which makes it attractive for farmers.

## Conclusion
Various types of freshwater shrimp that are popular for cultivation include:
- Giant freshwater prawn
- Monkey river prawn
- Red nose shrimp
- Slipper lobster
- Roshna prawn

Before starting cultivation, make sure to understand the characteristics of each shrimp type to choose the most suitable one for your business goals. Additionally, provide appropriate [treatment](https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/7-effective-treatments-in-shrimp-cultivation-management) in your farm according to the type of shrimp, ensuring that they grow well and can be sold at a profitable price. 

To ensure the success of your cultivation, JALA is #HeretoHelp you with [JALA App](https://jala.tech/app), an application to record and monitor cultivation conditions regularly and conveniently. Register on JALA App through app.jala.tech or download the mobile version from Google Play Store or App Store to start your cultivation journey today!

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5 Popular Types of Freshwater Shrimp that are Often Cultivated in Farms

<h2>Regencies where shrimp is the main commodity</h2>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Shrimp is one of the most in-demand fisheries commodities. According to data from the <a href="https://www.kkp.go.id/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Indonesian Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries</a>,&nbsp; shrimp is the largest export commodity in Indonesia compared to other fishery commodities. In 2020, its export volume reached 239.28 million kgs, with a value of US$ 2.04 billion.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">The rising demand for shrimp has prompted the growth of shrimp farming in numerous regions in Indonesia. As a result, the shrimp farming industry in Indonesia continues to expand. Over a ten-year period (2009-2019), the annual growth rate of vannamei <a href="https://jala.tech/blog/shrimp-industry/key-to-successful-cultivation-sustainable-shrimp-production" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">shrimp production</a> in Indonesia reached 2.4 percent.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Shrimp farming business in Indonesia is spread in coastal areas. Some of them are:</p>
<h3>South Lampung, Lampung</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Vannamei shrimp is one of the leading commodities in South Lampung. Despite being affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, the industry is gradually getting back on its feet&nbsp; This is shown by the rising market price of vannamei shrimp. Furthermore, the shrimp industry in South Lampung is being supported by the development of pilot ponds in an endeavor to restore the glory of the shrimp commodity in Lampung.</p>
<h3>Cirebon, West Java</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Rebon shrimp is a popular commodity in Cirebon. However, in addition to rebon shrimp, people in Cirebon are also interested in vannamei shrimp farming because the risk of failure is lower. Cirebon's extensive water area helps to support vannamei shrimp farming.</p>
<h3>Situbondo, East Java</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;">The majority of shrimp ponds in Situbondo Regency use an intensive cultivation system where the density of stock is high. This is one of the reasons behind the regency's high productivity per area of shrimp ponds. In terms of quality, shrimp cultivated in Situbondo are also relatively better because the sea water on the area's coast is calmer and less polluted by industrial pollutants.</p>
<h3>Jembrana, Bali</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;">In contrast to the majority of Bali's other districts which prioritize tourism, Jembrana Regency prioritizes the fishery sector, particularly shrimp farming. Almost all of the farmers in the district cultivate in traditional or <a href="https://jala.tech/blog/cultivation-tips/extensive-pond-can-also-be-productive" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">extensive ponds</a>. Nonetheless, the shrimp industry actors and the local government continue working to boost its production.</p>
<h3>Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara</h3>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Aside from tourism, the fisheries sector, particularly shrimp farming, is significant to Lombok Island. Farmers in Lombok can produce more than 200 tons of Vannamei shrimp in a single harvest cycle. Shrimp farming on this island is primarily focused on meeting the country's need for shrimp.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Shrimp farming in Indonesia's shrimp production areas should be maximized. Its productivity will undoubtedly increase if it runs optimally. To that aim, the Indonesian Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries has implemented a number of strategies to boost shrimp farming productivity in Indonesia. Two of these are projects for integrated shrimp farming and pond revitalization.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">In addition, <a href="https://app.jala.tech/register" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">digital technology</a> for shrimp farming must be implemented. Farmers will be more supported in running cultivation through the use of digital technology, and cultivation production is expected to increase. If these measures are effective, the Indonesian Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries'&nbsp;production target of 2 million tons by 2024 is not impossible to achieve.</p>

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Where Are the Shrimp Producing Regencies in Indonesia?

<p>There are many ways to increase the productivity of cultivation, there are many treatments or <em>treatment</em> also can be used. Giving lime is one of the common treatments to support pond productivity. Lime plays a direct role in shrimp growth and water quality management.</p><p> Types of lime commonly used in shrimp farming include agricultural lime/captan (CaCO <sub>3</sub> ), dolomite (CaMg(CO <sub>3</sub> ) <sub>2</sub> ), quicklime (CaO), and hydrated lime (Ca(OH) <sub>2</sub> ).</p><h2> What are the functions of lime in shrimp ponds?</h2><h3> Raise pH</h3><p> The degree of acidity (pH) plays a role in the physiological stability and metabolism of shrimp. The recommended water pH range for shrimp farming is 7.8-8.5. Lime has the main function of increasing the pH of water and soil. Lime works by binding hydrogen ions (H) thereby reducing the acidity of water and soil. Lime can be given directly to water, soil, or added to feed.</p><h3> Increases alkalinity</h3><p> Liming is also a solution for pond alkalinity that is too low. The alkalinity of shrimp pond water should not be less than 100 ppm. Alkalinity affects the stability of water pH and water fertility.</p><p> The increase in alkalinity controls the pH and calcium concentration. Sufficient alkalinity can maintain fluctuations between morning and evening pH in the range of 0.2-0.5. The pH fluctuation should not be more than 0.5. Changes that are too large or sudden cause the shrimp to go into <em>shock</em> and stop eating.</p><h3> Helping the molting process</h3><p> Giving treatment in the form of lime will provide a source of Ca (calcium) needed by the shrimp in the molting process <strong>(Also read: <a href="https://jala.tech/id/blog/tips-budidaya/bulan-purnama-dan-molting-udang" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Full Moon and Molting Shrimp</a> )</strong> . The more often the shrimp molt, the faster the shrimp growth. One of the things that is needed to support it is to have sufficient minerals, especially calcium. Calcium is used in the formation and hardening of new shrimp shells.</p><p> Lime is applied by dispensing directly into the water or adding it to the feed. If added to the feed, lime will enrich the feed content as a source of minerals to facilitate the molting process of shrimp. Regulation of the Ca/P ratio in the feed also supports carapace calcium (skin) and feed efficiency.</p><h3> Accelerate the process of decomposition of organic matter</h3><p> This function is mainly intended for pond soils that are acidic. Acidic soil causes disruption of the nutrient cycle. Soil in shrimp ponds has the potential to become more acidic as a result of the accumulation of organic matter from feed residues and shrimp metabolism products (faeces). This will reduce the productivity of cultivation. The surrounding environment has an impact on the degradation of environmental quality. The decomposition of organic matter becomes incomplete.</p><p> Giving lime can also be a solution in ponds that have too concentrated water. Characterized by low water brightness. This is an indication of <em>blooming algae</em> . Giving lime can increase the penetration of sunlight, so that the brightness of the water increases. Lime will bind phosphate from water, mainly by calcium. The impact will limit the photosynthesis of phytoplankton. The next impact is that the pH of the water increases and carbon dioxide decreases.</p><h2> Get to know the types of lime that can be used</h2><h3> Dolomite lime (CaMg(CO <sub>3</sub> ) <sub>2</sub> )</h3><p> Dolomite lime is lime with high calcium and magnesium content. This type of lime is a source of minerals for vaname shrimp. Calcium and magnesium play a role in activating various types of digestive enzymes in shrimp and assisting the molting process.</p><p> Dolomite lime can be applied by adding it to the feed in a certain ratio. Dolomite serves to increase alkalinity and hardness. Dolomite is used when the alkalinity is low, the increase in the pH of the water is not too drastic.</p><h3> Lime (CaO) and hydrated lime (Ca(OH) <sub>2</sub> )</h3><p> The use of CaO and Ca(OH) <sub>2 is</sub> not recommended. In addition to being more expensive, both cause a drastic increase in pH so that it can have a negative effect on shrimp. Hydrated lime can raise the pH and binding CO <sub>2</sub> effectively. To increase the alkalinity and at the same time raise the pH, lime hydroxide Ca(OH) <sub>2</sub> can be used, but the dosage must be considered.</p><h3> Agricultural lime (CaCO <sub>3</sub> )</h3><p> Agricultural or general lime also called kaptan has the main function of increasing pH, hardness, and alkalinity. Contains calcium which can bind H ions in water so that it effectively raises the pH. Giving captan in large quantities will also increase the alkalinity which plays a role in the stability of the pH of the water.</p><h2> What is the right dose of lime in ponds?</h2><p> Giving lime must be with several considerations and goals</p><ol><li> Know the current state of the pond. For example, first measure the pH range in the morning and evening, the frequency of molting, or the current concentration of alkalinity.</li><li> Cultivation profile. For example by considering the area and depth of the pond (to determine the total volume of water) and also the stocking density of shrimp.</li><li> The type of lime used is also adjusted for the purpose, only to increase the alkalinity or to increase the availability of calcium.</li></ol><p> These things will determine the dose to be given. Because giving the right dose is needed so that the effects are also in accordance with the purpose. Lime will react more quickly by spreading it directly into the water. Lime will slowly dissolve, resulting in decreased <em>alkalinity and hardness.</em> So giving lime regularly is also needed taking into account the conditions.</p><p></p><h6> References and further reading material:</h6><h6> Banrie. 2013. <a href="https://thefishsite.com/articles/liming-ponds-for-aquaculture" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Liming Ponds for Aquaculture</a> . The Fish Site.</h6><h6> Boyd, CE 2017. <a href="https://aquaculturealliance.org/advocate/lime-aquaculture" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Lime Plays Crucial Role in Aquaculture Pond Management</a> . Global Aquaculture Alliance.</h6><h6> Supito and Arief Taslihan. 2006. <a href="https://trobosaqua.com/detail-berita/2006/11/01/13/243/kunci-sukses-budidaya-udang" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Key to Success in Shrimp Cultivation</a> . Trobos Aqua.</h6><h6> Supono. 2017. Shrimp Production Technology. Yogyakarta: Plantaxia.</h6>